McIngvale, E., Bakos-Block, C., Hart, J., Bordnick, P....

McIngvale, E., Bakos-Block, C., Hart, J., Bordnick, P. S. (2012) defines Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as a neurobiological illness characterized by unwanted thoughts and/or images followed by repetitive rituals. About 5 million Americans live with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. OCD is a manageable illness when proper interventions are utilized. Treatment for OCD is limited due to the lack of adequately trained professionals and the high costs of treatment. Melvin Udall suffers from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Berzoff (2011) states obsessions are intrusive, recurrent, and persistent stereotypic thoughts, images, and ideas. They cause marked anxiety and distress. The thoughts are not simply excessive worries about real-life†¦show more content†¦Routine is a necessity for Melvin, if one thing in his normal routine is disrupted, whether it is people eating at â€Å"his table,† or the waitress that normally brings him his food is not at the restaurant he becomes quite irritable. Melvin gets very uncomfortable and almost panicked in these situations and often uses sharp-tongued insults in order to calm himself down, or to get his way. It is almost as if Melvin has no regard for those around him, he is only concerned with himself. This is linked to the disorder, the obsessive thoughts that he has can only be fixed by one thing, the daily compulsions that he has in order to avoid some serious disaster that would occur if these daily rituals are not completed. Melvin also will not walk on a crack or line in the sidewalk, again to avert from some serious disaster occurring. Melvin Udall suffers from OCD very prevalently in his life. No matter he is at home or outside, he has the unwanted obsession thoughts of contamination all the time, and therefore engages in many different kinds of compulsion behavior. It is not easy to assert his age of onset. However, we know his occupation is writer who works at home and he has lived alone for many years. Probably the symptoms of OCD showed up since he began his novelist career or maybe his symptoms happed earlier during his young adulthood or adolescent even childhood. He had seen a counselor two years ago. Therefore he is aware of his own

If I Was President free essay sample

President If all wishes were horses, then I would wish to be the president of the United States of America. My wishes to be the United States president are not self-centered but are based on the need to make America a better place for generations to come. In the eyes of the world we are limitless but, I believe there are things that are necessary to change to reflect the fame and superiority associated with America in the eyes of the world. If I was president, I would strive to accomplish three major issues. To begin with, to ensure food security, I admit that a government that is not able to feed its citizens has no reason to be in power. Food security is a situation where all people, at all times, have physical and financial access to safe and healthy food to meet their needs and food preferences for an energetic strong life. We will write a custom essay sample on If I Was President or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A healthy nation is important in a supportable development since a nation cannot develop when the citizens continuously suffer from different illnesses. There is a need for a targeted food security intervention, including food support in the form of direct food relief, food stamps, and indirectly through funded food production. Most farmers in the rural areas are poor and cannot manage to obtain heavy machines for better productions. As the president I strive for the introduction of rural off-farm opportunities to allow even the poorest people to participate and provide additional food supply. This device could even offer financial assistance for the farmers and processing firms to be introduced in these places. This will provide alternative sources of food and change in feeding habits. Where there is a sufficient supply of food, the nation will become healthy which will cause rapid economic growth. These guidelines aim to guarantee food security by providing a dietary intake for all households without exposing them to risks. Second, I would improve the education system of our country. Ensuring education for all citizens is the base of the understanding of a community. An educated society is easy to govern compared to a society full of uninformed individuals. To improve our education system, I have carefully considered the following actions; training schools for teachers must be updated to more widespread teaching techniques. This would help teachers become more interesting to their students. We could create a forum for teachers, where teachers and students can exchange their deas, experiences, and information. This would create an educated atmosphere for learning. Education should form the whole person; it should be made more important to the lives of the citizens, especially the students. The system of education should be more hands-on rather than being theoretical and inspection should not be geared towards obtaining grades and papers but towards achieving the whole person-hood. Since the world is dyna mic, there’s a need to introduce the use of information and communication systems and improve coordination among different departments in our schools. This requires the installing of computer software as well as connectivity services. Lastly, everyone has a right to access education and therefore I will ensure that no one is deprived of education. Even the poor are allowed to take advantage of this plan which also intends to offer free high school and college education to house even the less fortunate. Third, I would guarantee that our everyday American is safe. Security is very important to our home since we are faced with threats from terrorists and other groups. I intend to guarantee border patrol to establish confidence to deal with the terrorists and to ensure that they do not get into our country. Security within the border is also planned to prevent the illegal immigrants and further prevent trafficking of humans, drugs, and other harmful substances that may enter our country. A mix of technology, and boarder structure, such as lights, roads, fences, and facilities are critical to expanding control over our borders. Since our economic growth depends on this aspect we have to make sure that our security is well trained to read the signs of time. It is not only security within our borders which paramount but also even in our adjusting environment this includes homes, work environments, and other public places to avoid in act of crime. Food stability, education and security all play an important role in a sustainable development and the overall welfare of people. To remove illiteracy in people by improving the education system from an abstract sense to a practical one will help improve the economy of the country. I believe with my natural sense to lead this country can motivate me towards accomplishing these goals.

Speeding, Death and Effects on the Family Essay Example

Speeding, Death and Effects on the Family Essay Speeding can cause instantaneous death and outright family kaput.   The result of speeding is so enormous that turns precious moments and valuable things into nothing.The invention of vehicles has brought things and situations better. But, does it really answers the original purpose or does it makes things and situations worst?This paper attempts to educate people especially drivers who are always involved with vehicular activities. The discussion will focus on the reasons why some drivers often commit over speeding and aggressive driving, the effects of negative impact of speeding towards the affected families, and how to control this unauthorized act that cause horrible adversities. The discussions include the reasons for over speeding and aggressive driving, hit and run, effects on the family, controlling the over speeding, etc.SpeedingThe Encarta Microsoft Encyclopedia (2006) defined Speeding as â€Å"driving vehicle above speed limit. It is an offense of driving a vehicle at a speed above the designated speed limit†.Angela Smith, a NIO Minister reveals in the BBC News (2003) that over the last 10 years, 358 people were killed and 3,471 were seriously injured because of speeding. Speeding kills or seriously injures one person every single day on Northern Ireland’s roads in which young men (age 17-24 years old) are held responsible for a staggering eight out of ten fatal crashes.Reasons for Over Speeding and Aggressive DrivingVehicular crashes are complex events that are a culmination of various driver, vehicle or environment-related factors.   According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), driver-related factors that contribute to motor vehicle traffic crashes are mostly behavioral in nature which include impaired driving, aggressive driving including speeding and distracted driving, etc.NHTSA research has shown that crashes cost in $40.4 billion in 2000, which at least one driver was exceeding the legal speed lim it or driving too fast. This represents about 20 percent of the total economic cost of motor vehicle traffic crashes in the United States.   Accordingly, about 32 percent (annually) of all fatalities in motor vehicle traffic crashes were speeding-related, i.e., at least one of the drivers involved in the crash exceeded the posted speed limit or was driving too fast for the prevailing conditions.Based on the Telephone survey made by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (1997) as posted in NHTSA website, the   reasons drivers most often gave for exceeding speeds that they consider to be unsafe were that they were late or behind schedule (44 percent). The next sets of reasons were: trying to keep up with traffic (12 percent), closely followed by good conditions (11 percent), or having an emergency (11 percent). Reasons for increased aggressively include: drivers being rushed or behind schedule (23 percent), increased traffic or congestion (22 percent), careless, inconside rate drivers (12 percent), and immature, young drivers (12 percent).Hit and RunThe Legal line (2007) defines hit and run as â€Å"a road accident where one of the parties involved fails to stop or leaves the scene without providing any detail†.Most of the victims die without justice. However there are also victims that survive in hit and run. Those survivors are still now looking for justice and in the state of phobia and disability status.The AAA Report stated that 1,557 killed by hit and run drivers in 2003 (.1778 per hour). This is 3.65% of the 42,643 total that NHTSA reported in were killed in US in 2003(Traffic Safety Facts). NHTSA report also states 2.889 million injured in crashes in 2003. Using 3.65% multiplier gives a total of 12.04 injured per hour†.According to Brad Heath of USA Today (2006), the number of pedestrians killed by hit-and-run drivers has jumped 20% since 2000 and is at its highest level in a decade, a USA TODAY analysis shows. The increasing occ urrence of this incidence compounds the problems of investigating hit-and-run cases, in which according to the investigators, are among the most difficult crimes to solve because they often happen at night with no witnesses.Of the 4,881 pedestrians killed last year, 974 died in hit-and-runs, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration records show. The total number of pedestrians killed nationwide increased by about 2% since 2000, but hit-and-run deaths increased at almost 10 times that pace, the USA TODAY analysis found.Lt. Doug Dodson, a spokesman for the Florida Highway Patrol said that in many investigations in which drivers are later found, drivers tell to the police that they fled out of fear or because they had been drinking and wanted to avoid legal trouble.Based on the statistic featured in the Missouri Sate Highway Patrol, which injuries appear to, be the most numbered but sad to say that there are also died as a result of over speeding.   It has also been revealed th at accidents often happen at the age of over speeding driver between 55 years old and above, maybe because this age has more experience in driving and they are confident to drive fast. Nevertheless, the survivor injured victims are facing psychological and financial problem. There are surviving victims that lost their career because of disability they get from hit and run accident. This causes the victims’ family to suffer.Effects on the FamilyOne aspect of the consequences of motor vehicle crashes is economic cost. The pain and anguish suffered by an injured person as well as the burden placed on families caring for a disabled member go beyond any economic remuneration. Particularly, devastating are the effects on family members when a crash leads to death. The sudden and unexpected sense of loss can affect a family member’s emotional state for years after the crash fatality occurred.A concrete example of the case of Hit and Run (as reported in Tuscaloosa News, 2005) is the situation of 23-year old Jaime Walker who was struck by a hit and run driver while riding his motorcycle in 2002. Since that date Jaime has been suffering from brain damage and has been in a vegetative state. Jaime receives nourishment through a feeding tube, doesnt respond to commands and is blind. As of March 2005, he resides at his mother’s home in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. His mother resigned from her job to take care of him full time.Controlling the Over speedingMany state or county have adopted different measures to control and lessen accident that killed thousand of people and injured millions of innocent. One of these measures is giving penalty to over speeding drivers.To be more effective in chasing offenders some City installed Red lights cameras to measure if the drivers are over speeding particularly in the cross section. This was manifested by the Albuquerque City plans to add red light cameras to 13 more intersections in an effort to cut down on accidents as r eported in the Associated Press, 2005. Accordingly, three people died in an accident that happened in an intersection when the drunk driver ran a red light. The City Mayor of Albuquerque, Mayor Martin Chavez said in Associated Press, that they are going to install red light cameras in places where accidents are observed between 2001 and 2003. Since the installation in 2004 from May to October, police officers have caught more than 9,000 violators and about 5,700 people have been issued with civil citations. Penalty is imposed wherein the first offense is $100, second $250, and $300 for the third time and the subsequent offenses.Stiff penalty to be imposed to motorists who violated over speeding is indispensable to control and minimize accidents caused by speeding vehicles.   Many states have already adopted strict and high penalties but unfortunately, in some instances, this does not solve the increasing occurrence of car accidents involving over speeding.The adoption of technolog ies and strict enforcement of traffic rules are the main reasons why car accidents often occurred though drivers and victims didn’t like it to happen.   It is however, the responsibility of every person to be cautious in driving but what really matters are the enforcement of laws and the strict adherence of these laws among the drivers.On the other hand, residents can be enlisted to help reduce speeding in their neighborhoods. The National Crime Prevention Council is encouraging the involvement of community residents so that speeding in residential areas could be easier to control or eradicate. It is true that residents do not want people speeding through their neighborhood, but there are simply not enough police officers to patrol every street.   By involving resiedents in speed control, police departments have a better idea of where to station officers.   It likewise acts as adult â€Å"peer pressure†.   Drivers or motorists will not speed if they know their neighbors are watching.ConclusionThe skill of vehicular driving has provided so many advantages to many individuals. It makes things possible and easy. In fact, in modern days, high-speed vehicles are made to cope with the urgency of traveling and getting off fast within precious times. However, this is being abused by many driver especially young men who are often encountering accidents because of speeding (over speeding). Until these days, this incident continues and even increasing.This is attributed by the following reasons which should be mitigated, to wit:1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Unauthorized driving or driving without license;2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Careless or reckless driving.3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Driving for an urgent appoint or emergency situation;4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Driving for fun like highway racing; and5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Impaired or distracted driving.It has been proven that the effects of vehicular accidents caused by speeding are enormous; perish lives, damage properties, psychological stress, and defeats bright future (personal career, job opportunities, strong and happy family relationships, etc.).It is therefore imperative that more appropriate measures should be taken seriously which should include the following:1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Formulation of realistic policies and traffic rules;2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Effective and efficient enforcement of policies and traffic rules;3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Adoption and sustainable use of traffic devices and systems;4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Police Officers’ skills enhancement;5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Police visibility in accident prone areas;6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Extensive information and education for all drivers and the public; and7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Constant vehicular safety check.The consideration and implementation of the above mentioned measures is the best way of minimizing or eliminating vehicular accidents attributed by man. These should not be influence by personal interests of t he policy makers and law enforcements, and of course it should not be abused by the concern drivers who are the main recipients.The call for public awareness on safety and health should be strengthened.   This will enhance the public’s knowledge on traffic rules and driving precautions, and the health or condition of the drivers who should avoid driving if they are not on the normal state of mind (drunk while driving) or doing something while driving like having a call using mobile phones, talking with passengers,   reading newspaper or magazines, etc.This is everybody’s concern, drivers or non-drivers. Always remember, safety first before anything else.

The electro negativity of atoms Essay Example

The electro negativity of atoms Essay Example The electro negativity of atoms Essay The electro negativity of atoms Essay ApparatusThe apparatus I will use to conduct the experiment are:* 1-clorobutane (1 mol)* 1-bromobutane (1 mol)* 1-idobutane (1mol)* Silver Nitrate (0.01 mol)* Ethanol* Water Bath (Heated to 50à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C* Test tubes x3* Test tube rack* Teat pipettes x3* Burettes (1mmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½) x2* Pipette fillerMethod* Set up test tubes and test tube rack* Put 1 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of silver nitrate into the three test tubes using a burettes* Add ethanol(1cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½) with the other burette* Put test tubes in water bath (pre heated to 50à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C) and leave for 10 minutes test tubes will be placed in water bath at the exact same timeSafetyTo make my experiment a safe one I will wear safety goggles (I also have done research into the chemicals I have using, this means I know what to do if I spill some upon my hand or on the floor) for example 1-iodobutane is a slight irritantFair TestTo make this as fair a test as possible I will use a water bath to control the temperature the bath will be heat ed to 50à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C I will place all the test tubes with the mixtures in the water bath at the same time, I will ensure that they have been in the water bath for ten minutes this should ensure that they are all at the same temperature as the temperature influences the rate of reaction it is essential I do this. I will use a burette to mesure the silver nitrate and ethanol this should ensure accuracy in the volume. Human errors can affect the results; I could use a micropipette array and a data logger to take away the chance of human error, using a micropipette array would mean the halogenoalkanes are added at the time plus the drop size would be the same. The data logger will give more accurate representation of which reaction occurs fastest as you are not relying on eyesight and highly sensitive electronic equipment.ExplanationDue to halogen atom i.e. chlorine, iodine and bromine being more electronegative than the carbon the carbon halogen bond is polarised thecarbon atom is ele ctron deficient and is liable to attack fromnuceophiles with their lone-pair of electrons (e.g. OHà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ ions).The carbon atom can not form more than four bonds thereforethe halogen atoms are substituted by the nuclephille and the halogen atom leaves as a halide ion. (A covalent bond forms between the carbon and the nuceophille)Mechanism nucleophilic substitutionThe OH group attacks the delta positive carbon (nucleophilic) these strength the bond between C-X bond becomes weaker. As the alcohol group approaches the carbon, the negative bonds (in hydrogen bonds) start to move away from the OHà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ as they are being repelled, the final structure is opposite to the originalPredictionBondBond Enthalpy (kJ molà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½)C-Cl340C-Br280C-I240If I were to base the experiment on the electro negativity of atoms I would expect the 1-chlorobutane to react the fastest due to its high polarity (having more ability to attract electrons) the order I would expect is C-Cl fi rst then C-Br and finally C-I but as the experiment is actually based on bond enthalpies 1-chlorobutane should take the longest to react as it has the highest bond enthalpy.Based on this table of bond enthalpies (right) I would expect 1-iodobutane would react fastest as it has a lower bond enthalpy thus easier for bonds to be broken the order I would expect them to react in is C-Cl, C-Br, C-I

The theory of utilitarianism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The theory of utilitarianism - Essay Example Utilitarianism theory is referred to by some as the consequentialist ethical theory. It is expressed in the form that asserts that people should always act so as to produce the greatest ratio of good to evil for everyone. This has great appeal in the area of welfare economics and does not differ dramatically from the philosophies and beliefs of Keynes, Pareto, and Pigou; some might even include Marx in this category. The utilitarians believe that when choosing between two actions, the one that produces the greatest net happiness should be the one chosen. Where most of them disagree with one another is in the area of how this principle should be applied. There are also several stated weaknesses in this concept. It ignores actions that appear to be wrong in themselves; it espouses the concept that the end justifies the means; the principles may come into conflict with that of justice; and it is extremely difficult to formulate and establish satisfactory rules of application.Utilitarian ism manifests itself in two major forms. The stronger of the two is so-called act-utilitarianism. Under this system, the moral agent considers the consequences of only the action under consideration. The second system is called rule-utilitarianism. Here the moral agent considers a set of rules by which life should be lived. The basis of accepting or rejecting a rule is whether the consequences of everyone following the rule will result in the maximum probable good consequences. Rule-utilitarianism may be regarded as a weaker form of utilitarianism than act-utilitarianism.... Most professionals are already familiar with a system that acts very much like utilitarianism: cost/benefit analysis. In the cost/benefit system the manager attempts to balance the probable costs of taking a particular course of action with the probable benefits to be derived. Most people realize that cost/benefit analysis becomes more and more sticky as the analysis moves away from measurability in terms of dollars. Measurement of benefits has been particularly problematic. Writers on this subject have attempted to balance the costs of companies reporting on their adherence to social responsibility with the costs of not doing so. Bentham was classified in England as utilitarian with the application of hedonism on the social level; that is, happiness is the end of all human existence. He based his social reform on what he considered right and wrong, which in turn was developed from his definition of utility (Rosen 19). Utility was measured on a pain-happiness relationship, which was reduced to a common denominator: money. This reduction to the common factor of money was necessary because different people have different utility for the same item. Although his ideas were considered controversial at the time, they were later accepted by many, as can be seen in a recent study conducted by the American Council on Education of more than 200,000 students. The survey showed that more than three quarters of college freshmen now think that getting rich is what will make them happy and what life is all about. Twenty years ago, only 39 percent indicated that affluence was an essential goal; at that time, a "meaningful phi losophy of life" was what mattered -- a goal that now motivates only a minority of students (Rosen 21). Critics of utilitarianism

Countering Counterfeit Trade Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Countering Counterfeit Trade - Assignment Example Counterfeiting is a big business in the world today. It is so big that the total volume of counterfeit (and pirated) goods in the world exceeds the GDP of certain countries. The International Anti-counterfeiting Coalition (IACC) estimates this figure at around 600billion dollars per year. The sad fact is that the menace is growing and many countries and organizations negatively affected by it are quite helpless to find a solution to the menace. The IACC says that the growth of counterfeiting over the last twenty years has been about ten thousand percent. Astonishingly, one of the reasons behind this growth is the consumer demand for counterfeit goods. This paper is an assessment of the counterfeit auto parts industry in the United Arab Emirates in particular and the other countries in the GCC in general. In the process, the nature of the industry, costs to consumers and affected organizations, the reason why people buy counterfeit products (auto parts), some statistics, anti-counterf eiting groups, etc will also be reviewed. This will be followed by some recommendations on how this can be brought down (if not eliminated altogether) and a conclusion summing up the paper. It should be noted that most of what has been written here has been sourced from articles that appeared in the Gulf News and Khaleej Times. There are three types of auto parts available in the UAE namely original equipment, legitimate parts, and counterfeit parts. Original equipment is those made by auto manufactures or by approved original equipment suppliers. Legitimate equipment is those made by other companies sold in their own brand names and will usually be of good quality. They are not intended to cheat the customer. Counterfeit products are usually meant to cheat the customer into thinking that they are genuine.  

Parental Consent Abortion Essay Example for Free

Parental Consent Abortion Essay Abortion I. Introduction: A. Attention Grabber: rhetorical question, story, quote, shock, scare, stats, allusion, etc.: Did you know that teenage girls are more than 24 times more likely to die from childbirth than from first trimester legal abortion? B. Why audience should care: Every girl is at risk of getting pregnant, and if parental consent is the reason for childbirth the effects hurt mother and father. C. Background Info. According to the encyclopedia of American law fertility rate went down bc. of abortion and birth control- By the 1870s, a woman’s right to make decisions about REPRODUCTION was restricted by federal and state laws. -ABORTIONS , which increased markedly in the 1850s and 1860s, especially among middle-class white women, had been legal until the fetus â€Å"quickened,† or moved inside the uterus. The -AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (AMA) and religious groups led the successful move to have state legislatures impose criminal penalties on persons performing abortions. In some states, women who had abortions could also be held criminally liable.(Progressive) D. Thesis: Women under the age of 18 should be allowed to obtain an abortion #without parental consent because every person controls their own body and forcible restriction can lead to drastic consequences. II. Need Step A. What is the problem? Teenagers feel pressured to have the child because they have no right over their own body. If they dont get the proper help they need problems may arise. The American Academy of Pediatrics also opposes parental-involvement laws: Legislation mandating parental involvement does not achieve the intended benefit of promoting family communication but it does increase the risk of harm to the adolescent by delaying access to appropriate medical care. [M]inors should not be compelled or required to involve their parents in their decisions to obtain abortions, although they should be encouraged to discuss their pregnancies with their parents and other responsible adults.(Naral) B. What is/are the cause(s)? Laws making clinics have parental note/ judicial-bypass provisions fail to protect young women. C. How big a problem? It affects everybody, the parents, the child, and the family. -Approximately one-third of American women become pregnant before the age of 20. -Twenty-five percent of teen mothers live below the federal poverty line. Nearly 80 percent of teen mothers eventually go on welfare. Teens that give birth also spend a greater length of time receiving public assistance—an average of three years longer than older mothers through age 35. Teen mothers are also more likely to have lower family incomes later in life.(NARAL) D. What are the ill effects of this problem? Harmful to the teen, and teens future The American Medical Association concluded in a 1992 study that parental-consent and notice laws increase the gestational age at which the induced pregnancy termination occurs, thereby also increasing the risk associated with the procedure. Although a first or second trimester abortion is far safer than childbirth, the risk of complications significantly increases for each week that elapses after eight weeks. (Philip, Diana) â€Å"A Toledo, Ohio judge denied a bypass for a 17-year-old, an A student who planned to attend college and who testified she was not financially or emotionally prepared for college and motherhood at the same time, stating that the girl had not had enough hard knocks in her life. (Philip, Diana) III. Satisfaction Step A. Solution(s) or steps age-appropriate health and sex education with medically accurate information; access to confidential health services, including family planning; life-options programs that offer teens practical life skills and the motivation to delay sexual activity; and programs for pregnant and parenting teens that teach parenting skills and help ensure that teens finish school. B.Specific details on how this problem can be solved: an emphasis should be placed on reducing teen pregnancy. C.Best plan or most important first step: Access to health services, including family planning. A Pennsylvania study found that of the 60 judicial districts in the state, only eight were able to provide complete information about Pennsylvanias judicial-bypass procedure. Some county courts referred minors to anti-choice crisis pregnancy centers that typically provide false and misleading information about abortion and pressure women to carry their pregnancies to term. (Borgman, Caitlin). D. Reasons it is best or most important: Lays foundation and protection for the child and teen. IV. Visualization Step A. The world will have less teenage births, less unsafe abortions and less children homeless and in poverty. B.If we do not solve this problem there will be more teen moms, poverty and unsafe abortions. â€Å"With their parents guidance, more teenagers will choose childbirth over abortion† (Philip) C.In countries where abortion is restricted like poland â€Å"go abroad to the Netherlands, Germany and Austria for abortions.2 Women who are not lucky enough to live in environments such as the EU may be forced to go to foreign countries and undergo underground, unsafe abortions.† (â€Å"this house†) V. Conclusion A. Minors should be allowed to obtain an abortion without parental consent because every person controls their own body and has the right to choose and restricting abortion can lead to drastic consequences. B. Education about sex, family planning, and a bill that allows minors to recieve abortion without parental consent. C. Individuals can talk to their parents about their views on abortion and inform them that they have the right to choose. Individuals can also call your local congressman or write a letter informing them of the dangers of restricting abortion. D. In our everyday lives we can remember how living in the U.S. is a blessing and our freedoms can not be taken away from us. We must remember that every women has a right to their body and giving birth is not the only way to end the suffering of an unwanted pregnancy.